2/15/2023 0 Comments Judicial consent 1994 wikipediaThe judicial reforms started on 20 November 1864, when the tsar signed the decree which enforced four Regulations (Establishment of Judicial Settlements, Regulations of Civil Proceedings, Regulations of Criminal Proceedings, and Regulations of Punishments Imposed by Justices of the Peace).Īn 1850s caricature ridiculing the pre-reform court system Also, the reform was hindered by extrajudicial punishment, introduced on a widespread scale during the reigns of his successors – Alexander III and Nicholas II. However, there were also problems, as certain obsolete institutions were not covered by the reform. The latter included the establishment of the principle of equality of the parties involved, the introduction of public hearings, the jury trial, and a professional advocate that had never existed in Russia. The main results were the introduction of a unified judicial system instead of a cumbersome set of estates of the realm courts, and fundamental changes in criminal trials. A completely new court system and order of legal proceedings were established. The judicial reform of Alexander II is generally considered one of the most successful and consistent of all his reforms (along with the military reform).
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